聯(lian)系電話(hua)：13917768445
聯(lian)系電話(hua)：13917768445
電動機保護器是(shi)(shi)經典的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機星三角啟(qi)動(dong)方式，主要是(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)機保(bao)護器(qi)(qi)工作原理是(shi)(shi)保(bao)護熱(re)(re)繼電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)，若使(shi)用(yong)熱(re)(re)繼電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)對大(da)型電(dian)(dian)(dian)機作保(bao)護，就(jiu)(jiu)會使(shi)大(da)電(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)出(chu)現(xian)斷點，也就(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)(shi)進出(chu)熱(re)(re)繼電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)的(de)螺(luo)絲接線(xian)問題，容(rong)易(yi)出(chu)現(xian)發熱(re)(re)點和(he)故障點。如(ru)果不用(yong)熔斷器(qi)(qi)和(he)熱(re)(re)繼電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)，而采用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機綜合保(bao)護器(qi)(qi)來實現(xian)，因(yin)為保(bao)護器(qi)(qi)是(shi)(shi)穿(chuan)心式，就(jiu)(jiu)可以(yi)減少大(da)電(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)的(de)斷點，從而減少發熱(re)(re)點和(he)故障點。
在圖(tu)1中(zhong)，按(an)下SB2，保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)器(qi)(qi)得(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)工(gong)作(zuo)，接(jie)觸器(qi)(qi)KM線(xian)圈得(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)吸合。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動機(ji)M得(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)開始工(gong)作(zuo)，通過(guo)KM輔助觸點(dian)和(he)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)器(qi)(qi)內(nei)繼(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)常(chang)(chang)閉觸點(dian)K繼(ji)續給(gei)KM線(xian)圈和(he)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)器(qi)(qi)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，實現(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路自鎖。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動機(ji)工(gong)作(zuo)后，保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)器(qi)(qi)內(nei)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)感(gan)線(xian)圈L1~L3產生感(gan)應(ying)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，分別經(jing)圖(tu)2中(zhong)D1~D3半波整(zheng)流(liu)、C1~C3濾波后變成(cheng)(cheng)直(zhi)流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)信(xin)號，通過(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻R1~R3加到三極管V1~V3的(de)(de)基極，V1~V3導通。斷相指(zhi)示(shi)燈LED1滅，R5上端(duan)(duan)(duan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)等于(yu)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)器(qi)(qi)工(gong)作(zuo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)，使D6處于(yu)反偏(pian)截止狀(zhuang)態(tai)(tai)，雙時基集成(cheng)(cheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路NE556的(de)(de)⑥腳TL1端(duan)(duan)(duan)和(he)②腳TH1端(duan)(duan)(duan)均(jun)為高(gao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei)(wei)，處于(yu)復(fu)位(wei)(wei)狀(zhuang)態(tai)(tai)，⑤腳Q1端(duan)(duan)(duan)輸(shu)出(chu)低(di)(di)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)平。繼(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)K不動作(zuo)。L4產生的(de)(de)感(gan)應(ying)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)經(jing)D4半波整(zheng)流(liu)，C4濾波后通過(guo)RP1滑動觸點(dian)、R7、R9、C6加到NE556的(de)(de)⑧腳TL2端(duan)(duan)(duan)和(he)12腳TH2端(duan)(duan)(duan)。由(you)于(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容器(qi)(qi)兩端(duan)(duan)(duan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)不能突變。通電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)瞬間C6兩端(duan)(duan)(duan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)為0V(只要低(di)(di)于(yu)K2端(duan)(duan)(duan)所接(jie)穩壓(ya)(ya)二極管DZ穩壓(ya)(ya)值的(de)(de)1/2即2。35V)，TL2端(duan)(duan)(duan)獲(huo)置(zhi)位(wei)(wei)信(xin)號，Q2端(duan)(duan)(duan)輸(shu)出(chu)高(gao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)平，運行指(zhi)示(shi)燈LED3亮。如果電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動機(ji)工(gong)作(zuo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)正常(chang)(chang)，L4產生的(de)(de)感(gan)應(ying)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)就會很小，C6的(de)(de)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)也就很小，C6兩端(duan)(duan)(duan)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)就始終低(di)(di)于(yu)DZ的(de)(de)穩壓(ya)(ya)值4。7V，確保(bao)(bao)(bao)TH2端(duan)(duan)(duan)不會獲(huo)得(de)復(fu)位(wei)(wei)信(xin)號。
電動機保護器工作原理
二、保護原理
1、斷相保護
當(dang)三相(xiang)交流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源中(zhong)任意(yi)一相(xiang)斷(duan)(duan)(缺)相(xiang)時，相(xiang)應(ying)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)感線(xian)圈(quan)失(shi)去(qu)感應(ying)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓。V1~V3中(zhong)相(xiang)應(ying)的(de)三極管(guan)截止，此時斷(duan)(duan)相(xiang)指示燈LED1亮。給出斷(duan)(duan)相(xiang)指示。由(you)于R5的(de)阻值較小，其電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓降低(di)于保護(hu)器工作電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓的(de)1/3，所以NE556的(de)TL1端(duan)獲(huo)置位信號，Q1端(duan)輸(shu)出高電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)平，繼(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器線(xian)圈(quan)K得(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)吸合，其常閉觸點斷(duan)(duan)開，切(qie)斷(duan)(duan)圖1中(zhong)自(zi)鎖回(hui)路(lu)，KM、保護(hu)器失(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)停止工作。由(you)于V1、V2、V3的(de)集電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極與發射(she)極串聯連接，構(gou)成一個三輸(shu)入(ru)端(duan)的(de)與門電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)，只要(yao)三個輸(shu)入(ru)端(duan)中(zhong)有一個輸(shu)入(ru)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)平為低(di)，輸(shu)出就截止。
2、過載保護
當(dang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)機過(guo)載(zai)(zai)時，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)機工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流就會增(zeng)加，同時L4產生的(de)(de)感(gan)應電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)也增(zeng)加，C4兩端(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)也隨之增(zeng)加。該電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)經(jing)RP1的(de)(de)滑動(dong)觸點(dian)、R7、R9對C6進行充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，當(dang)C6兩端(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)大于穩(wen)壓(ya)(ya)管DZ的(de)(de)穩(wen)壓(ya)(ya)值4。7V時，NE556的(de)(de)TH2端(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)獲復(fu)位信(xin)號(hao)，Q2端(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)輸(shu)出(chu)(chu)低(di)(di)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)平(ping)，運行指(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)示(shi)燈(deng)LED3熄滅(mie)，過(guo)載(zai)(zai)指(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)示(shi)燈(deng)LED2亮。這(zhe)時，13腳D2端(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)導通接地，C6通過(guo)R9開始放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。當(dang)C6兩端(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)低(di)(di)于DZ穩(wen)壓(ya)(ya)值時。TL2端(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)又(you)獲置(zhi)位信(xin)號(hao)。Q2端(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)又(you)輸(shu)出(chu)(chu)高(gao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)平(ping)，D2端(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)又(you)截止(zhi)，C6再(zai)次充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。當(dang)C6兩端(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)高(gao)于DZ穩(wen)壓(ya)(ya)值時，TH2端(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)再(zai)次獲得(de)復(fu)位信(xin)號(hao)，Q2端(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)再(zai)次輸(shu)出(chu)(chu)低(di)(di)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)平(ping)。這(zhe)樣，D2、TL2、TH2、C6、R9等構成一個多諧振(zhen)蕩(dang)器(qi)，使(shi)運行指(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)示(shi)燈(deng)LED3和(he)過(guo)載(zai)(zai)指(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)示(shi)燈(deng)LED2交替閃亮。給出(chu)(chu)過(guo)載(zai)(zai)指(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)示(shi)。與此同時，C5通過(guo)D7、R8、RP2、NE556的(de)(de)Q2端(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)進行斷續(xu)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。隨著充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流的(de)(de)減小，C5負(fu)端(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)逐漸(jian)降低(di)(di)。當(dang)低(di)(di)于保護器(qi)工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)時，NE556的(de)(de)TL1端(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)獲置(zhi)位信(xin)號(hao)，Q1端(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)輸(shu)出(chu)(chu)高(gao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)平(ping)，K得(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)吸合，其常閉(bi)觸點(dian)斷開，KM、保護器(qi)失電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)停(ting)止(zhi)工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)。
3、過壓保護
當電網電壓升高時，電動機工作電流隨之增加，于是L4產生的感應電壓也同時增加，隨后的保護過程與過載保護過程相同。使用電動機保護器時必須注意控制線路的接線問題，以確保機器的正常運行，根據電動機保護器原理來它可以代替斷路器(qi)、接觸器(qi)、熱繼電(dian)器(qi)、熔斷器(qi)等(deng)低壓電(dian)器(qi)的一項產品(pin)。
